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英文的所有詞性、英文、縮寫、用法

英文的所有詞性、英文、縮寫、用法

 

英文詞性八大詞類

1 名詞 (Noun)

做主詞,(動詞與介係詞的)受詞補語

2 代名詞 (Pronoun)

如同名詞,做主詞,受詞,補語

3 動詞 (Verb)

表動作,存在,狀態

4 連接詞 (Conjunction)

連接字,片語,子句

5 形容詞 (Adjective)

(1) 修飾名詞與代名詞 (2)做補語

6 感嘆詞 (Interjetion)

表喜、怒、哀、樂等情緒之詞

7 副詞 (Adverb)

修飾動詞,形容詞,其他副詞

8 介系詞 (Preposition)

放在名詞或代名詞之前

prep = 介係詞;前置詞,preposition的縮寫

pron = 代名詞,pronoun的縮寫

n = 名詞,noun的縮寫

v = 動詞,兼指及物動詞和不及物動詞,verb的縮寫

conj = 連接詞 ,conjunction的縮寫

s = 主詞

sc = 主詞補語

o = 受詞

oc = 受詞補語

vi = 不及物動詞,intransitive verb的縮寫

vt = 及物動詞,transitive verb的縮寫

aux.v = 助動詞 ,auxiliary的縮寫

a = 形容詞,adjective的縮寫

ad = 副詞,adverb的縮寫

art = 冠詞,article的縮寫

num = 數詞,numeral的縮寫

int = 感嘆詞,interjection的縮寫

u = 不可數名詞,uncountable noun的縮寫

c = 可數名詞,countable noun的縮寫

pl = 複數,plural的縮寫

子句是由一個含主詞與述詞的字群所組成

能表達完整意思的稱為句子

需要附屬連接詞來引導的則稱為附屬子句

分為名詞子句,形容詞子句和副詞子句三種

1)名詞子句:在句子中的地位視為名詞

A)當主詞 e.g. [That Tom became half paralyzed] was told to his family.

B)當受詞 e.g. I do not know [what happened.]

C)做動詞補語 e.g. The fact is [that he was suspended from school because of his frequent absence.]

D)當虛主詞 it 的實受詞 It is important [that we have to concentrate in class.]

E)放在介係詞之後 He made a list of [what he planned to buy.]

形容詞子句:在句子中的功能相當於形容詞,由一個關係詞所引導的句子

A)由關係代名詞(who, which, that, whom)所引導的句子

B)由關係形容詞(whose, which)所引導的句子

C)由關係副詞(why, when, where)所引導的句子

副詞子句:在句子中的功能相當於副詞,用來修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞的附屬子句

A) I was late [because I missed the bus.]→用來形容形容詞 late

B) He talks [as if he were a wiser.]→用來形容動詞 talk

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